In tribal societies of Siberia shamanism always has been a fundamental factor in religious life from the Bronze Age. Shamanism is a holistic vision of the world, reflecting the concept of the connection between man and nature, man and the Universe. According to shamanism, the universe is divided into three worlds: the upper world, earth and the underworld. These worlds are connected by a cosmic axis recognised as the centre of the universe and the place of penetration of the individual worlds. The upper world is inhabited by gods, underworld - by demons, and the centre - earth - by humans. There are also spirits that can live in all three worlds. Shamans can interact and communicate with spirits from each world. In shamanic objects much attention is paid to ritual shamanic sculpture associated with cosmogonic ideas, rituals, hunting cult and healing magic.
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